Spectroscopic requirements for ACCURATE, a microwave and infrared-laser occultation satellite mission

The proposed satellite mission ACCURATE consists of a small constellation of satellites in low Earth orbit, combining microwave occultation for thermodynamic state profiling with infrared-laser occultation for greenhouse gas and line-of-sight wind profiling. The mission aims to detect six greenhouse gas molecules with four additional isotopologues (H₂O, CO₂, CH₄, N₂O, O₃, CO, ¹³CO₂, OC¹⁸O, HDO, and H₂¹⁸O) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere in the 4000-5000 cm⁻¹ spectral region. Greenhouse gas profiles will be retrieved to within 1-2% accuracy using a ‘differential’ method, requiring two spectral points for each species - one to sample the spectral line and the other nearby to sample the baseline.An estimation of retrieval errors for the ACCURATE mission reveals that errors in spectroscopic line parameters dominate all other error sources. Poor knowledge of the spectroscopy introduces systematic errors into the retrieved greenhouse gas profiles. Using a simple approach, it was shown that the best line parameters currently available are too large to allow retrievals of greenhouse gases to within the stated ACCURATE mission goals of 1% accuracy for CO₂ and 2% for all other species. Therefore, spectroscopic line parameters for targeted lines need to be improved before the ACCURATE mission can be launched. Requirements have been formulated in this direction, and laboratory experiments outlined that could meet these requirements.     

Polarization squeezing in polarized light

It is shown that polarized light can be polarization squeezed only if it exhibits sub-Poissonian statistics with the Mandel's Q factor less than − 1/2.     

Two-dimensional cell parameters measurement of nematic liquid crystal using optical interferometry and Fourier transform fringe analysis technique

We report a method for the measurement of nematic liquid crystal (NLC) cell parameters i.e., switching voltage, birefringence, retardation, dielectric anisotropy, average tilt angle and change in refractive index with applied DC voltage to LC material. The proposed method is based on optical interferometry and Fourier transform fringe analysis technique, in which we obtain 2-dimensional (2D) phase map of the interferograms as a function of applied voltage. Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) was used for the study of cell parameters and interferograms were recorded at different applied DC voltages to NLC cell using CCD camera. From the phase map, 2D-refractive index distribution of the LC cell with applied voltage was reconstructed. Analytical equations are derived based on optical interferometry and then solved to obtain cell parameters. The present method is fast and can give 2D-cell parameters from only two quick interferograms.     

基于驻留时间补偿的抛光误差控制方法

 针对计算机控制光学表面成形中光学表面存在中高频误差的问题,提出了一种基于驻留时间补偿的有效控制方法。分析了抛光误差的形成机理和影响因素,对系统的误差影响因素进行分类和定量描述,构建了抛光过程中磨损影响因子、浓度变化影响因子和系统影响因子。基于各影响因素的影响因子对抛光驻留时间的求解函数进行了修正,提出采用离散最小二乘法对修正的函数求解驻留时间。研究表明：这种补偿方法能提高计算机控制光学表面成形技术中加工模型的精度,减小光学表面的残余误差。     

光斑环围参量阵列测试法的测量不确定度

 为评定光斑环围参量（包括环围功率和环围尺寸）阵列测试法的测量不确定度,给出了环围参量一般形式的定义和连续形式的计算表达式,归纳并比较了阵列测试法下光斑环围参量的3种常用计算方法,即近似环围功率法、准确环围功率法和等效环围尺寸法,给出了零阶近似下环围参量离散形式的计算表达式。根据不确定度传递律,推导了基于等效环围尺寸法的环围参量测量不确定度的一般表达式,讨论了常见简化条件下的环围参量测量不确定度表达式。建立了光斑环围参量计算及其不确定度评定的一套较完整的方法。以强度为高斯分布的光斑为例,得到了简化条件下的环围参量测量不确定度的解析表达式,并用数值模拟法验证了其正确性。     

大带隙二维三角格子光子晶体结构参数的优化设计

光子晶体结构设计优化是理论研究的一个重要内容.运用平面波展开法对圆柱、方柱及正六边柱构造的二维三角格子光子晶体的禁带进行仿真计算,讨论了介质材料分别为GaAs、Si和Ge情况下,柱子形状、旋转角度、填充比的变化对完全光子禁带的影响.发现:对于二维三角格子光子晶体,相对于介质柱,空气柱更易获得完全光子禁带;而相对于圆柱及...     

高次非球面的工艺技术研究

 高次非球面在光学系统应用中意义重大,但是一直以来缺乏一套快速、有效的工艺方法。利用VC6.0编制了一款面型计算软件以辅助加工,并提出了一种新的高次非球面补偿检验方法。针对一块巡天光谱仪中口径Φ244 mm的一面平面另一面为高次非球面的改正镜开展工艺方法的设计与研究,从铣磨成形开始,根据高次非球面的特点提出了几种新型磨削工艺,建立相应的数学模型。由于高次非球面的特殊性,试验了数控铣磨直接成型法,很大程度上降低后继工艺难度,在细磨和抛光阶段采用数控小工具和整工具研磨相结合,能够很好地克服面型不平滑等技术难题。总结出了一套高效率、低成本、高精度的高次非球面工艺方法。     

Band parameters of α-LiBeN semiconductor from density functional calculations

The structural, elastic, electronic, optical and thermal properties of α phase in LiBeN semiconductor have been studied using pseudo-potential plane wave method based on the density functional theory. The computed lattice parameter agrees well with previous theoretical work. The elastic constants and their pressure dependence are predicted using the static finite strain technique. A set of isotropic elastic parameters and related properties, namely bulk and shear moduli, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, average sound velocity and Debye temperature are numerically estimated in the frame work of the Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation for α-LiBeN polycrystalline aggregate. The assignments of the structures in the optical spectra and band structure transitions have been examined and discussed. The thermal effect on heat capacities is investigated by the quasi-harmonic Debye model. To the best of our knowledge, most of the studied properties of the material of interest are reported for the first time.     

Fabrication and characterization of Zn1−xAlxO nanoparticles by DC arc plasma

In this paper we have introduced a simple method for the fabrication of aluminum doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanoparticles. The Zn_1−xAl_xO nanoparticles with different concentrations of Al (x=0.01, 0.03, 0.06, 0.09, 0.12) were fabricated successfully by this method. The samples were analyzed by the use of several techniques such as SEM, EDX, XRD, PL and UV-vis spectroscopy. The SEM images showed that the fabricated nanoparticles had spherical shapes. The XRD patterns of the samples indicated that the Al atoms substituted in the Zn positions in the crystal lattice of ZnO and there were some changes in the lattice parameters. A blue shift in the λ_max of the absorption and a red shift in the λ_max of the emission were observed. The results also indicated that the amount of shifts had a direct relationship with the changes in the lattice parameters.     

一类参数未知混沌系统的追踪控制与参数辨识

针对一类参数未知的混沌系统,提出一种追踪控制方法,基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,设计了追踪控制器和参数自适应控制律,实现了混沌系统的追踪控制和未知参数的辨识.以统一混沌系统为例进行了数值模拟,结果表明了该方法的有效性. 关键词： 混沌系统 追踪控制 参数辨识